Species from other areas
Lowlanders	Highlanders
N. ampullaria1 N. distillatoria2 N. gracilis3 N. madagascariensis4 N. masoalensis4 N. mirabilis5 N. pervillei6 N. rafflesiana7 N. rowanae8 N. tenax8 N. thorelii9	N. anamensis10 N. gymnamphora11,14 N. khasiana12 N. vieillardii13
1In Borneo, Sumatra, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, New Guinea. 2Sri Lanka. 3In Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. 4Madagascar. 5In Borneo, Sumatra, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sulawesi, Maluku,   New Guinea, Australia, Philippines, Java, Indo-China, China, Hong Kong,   Macau, Palau. 6Seychelles. 7Borneo, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore. 8Australia. 9Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam. 10In Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam. 11Sumatra, Java. 12India (Khasia hills, Mt.Jyntea). 13New Caledonia. 14Includes N. pectinata and N. xiphioides.

Q: Nepenthes: species from other parts of the world

A: Most Nepenthes species occur in the main areas of biodiversity (i.e. Borneo, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines, New Guinea, Waigeo, Sulawesi) discussed in the previous FAQ pages. However, a few species occur out of those ranges--they are listed in the table on this page. Of these species, there is an even smaller subset which consists of those species that occur exclusively outside the major geographic centers of Nepenthes biodiversity. They are:

Nepenthes anamensis--There are arguments as to whether this is really a variety of the polymorphic N. mirabilis. Possibly conspecific with "N. smilesii".

Nepenthes distillatoria--A plant with nice, bulbous-based lower pitchers. Relatively easy to grow, but it is not very extraordinary to the eye.

Nepenthes khasiana--Found in the Khasi Hills of India, one of the only two Nepenthes that has a CITES Appendix I listing. Fairly easy to grow, although I find it difficult (but not impossible) to root from cuttings. Not a very spectacular plant.

Nepenthes madagascariensis--Possibly closely related to N. distillatoria, N. masoalensis, and N. pervillei, because of a single dispersal event long ago. Nepenthes madagascariensis was the first species to be discovered.

Nepenthes masoalensis--Like N. madagascariensis, supposedly quite difficult to grow.

Nepenthes pervillei--A difficult to grow species with an interesting, bulging pitcher body that gives some specimens a distinctly froglike air!

Nepenthes rowanae--much like N. mirabilis but with a higher hip and gradually tapering leaf blade.

Nepenthes tenax--Essentially, a dwarfed N. mirabilis that the authors are confident is a fixed character.

• N. rafflesiana
• N. mirabilis
• N. khasiana glands
• N. gymnamphora
• N. ampullaria

Nepenthes thorelii--Another poorly known species of Thailand. The separations between this, N. anamensis, N. mirabilis, and also "N. smilesii" (which has been probably but not assuredly correctly synonomized with N. mirabilis) really should be studied and explained more. Morphologically, N. thorelii pitchers look somewhat like those of Nepenthes rafflesiana, or at least a hybrid containing some of that species.

Nepenthes vieillardii--The most easterly of all the species, a pretty plant with red pitchers.

Another way to look at these wide-ranging species is to consider them geographically. Below are the countries that have Nepenthes (of course, not including the countries discussed on previous pages), the number of species they contain, and the relevant species lists:

Australia (3): N. mirabilis, N. rowanae, N. tenax
Cambodia (2): N. anamensis, N. thorelii
India (1): N. khasiana
Java (2): N. gymnamphora, N. mirabilis
Madagascar (2): N. madagascariensis, N. masoalensis
New Caledonia (1): N. vieillardii
Seychelles (1): N. pervillei
Singapore (3): N. ampullaria, N. gracilis, N. rafflesiana
Sri Lanka (1): N. distillatoria
Thailand (5): N. ampullaria, N. anamensis, N. gracilis, N. mirabilis, N. thorelii
Vietnam (2): N. anamensis, N. thorelii

Left-over N. mirabilis regions not given above are Maluku, Indo-China, China, Hong Kong, Macau, Palau.

Page citations: Clarke, C., and Kruger, R. 2006; Danser, B.H. 1928; Jebb, M.H.P., and Cheek, M. 1997; Rice, B. 2006a; Schlauer, J. 2002; Schmid-Hollinger, R. 1979.